Emma Wilson
Magic mushrooms, or psilocybin, are naturally occurring psychedelic drugs that have hallucinogenic effects. They are often consumed for a unique, spiritual, or enlightening experience, and some people also take very small amounts regularly, a practice called microdosing, to improve their mental state and productivity. Mushrooms are not stimulants, but hallucinogens, which distort a person's perception of reality and can cause hallucinations. While they are not considered physically addictive, regular use may lead to tolerance and cross-tolerance with other drugs. However, the effects of magic mushrooms are unpredictable and can vary widely, with adverse side effects ranging from mild to moderate, and in some cases, requiring medical treatment.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Type of drug | Hallucinogen, Psychedelic |
| Effects | Euphoria, Hallucinations, Distorted senses, Altered thinking, Enhanced sensory perception, Heightened emotions, Flashbacks, Relaxation, Nausea, Increased heart rate, Dizziness, Confusion, Clumsiness, Emotional swings, Anxiety, Panic, Agitation, Insomnia, Headaches, Stomach cramps, Aggression, Paranoia |
| Use | Consumed fresh, cooked, brewed into tea, dried, powdered, crushed into capsules, covered in chocolate |
| Safety | Low risk of addiction, Low toxicity, Not life-threatening, No physical withdrawal symptoms, Risk of poisoning from picking the wrong type of mushroom, Risk of disturbing flashbacks, Risk of bad trip, Risk of unpredictable and potentially dangerous behaviour |
| Treatment | Used in treatment of substance use disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, addiction, pain, neurodegenerative disorders, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder |
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What You'll Learn
Magic mushrooms are hallucinogenic
Mushrooms are not a stimulant. However, magic mushrooms, or psilocybin mushrooms, are hallucinogenic. They are a polyphyletic informal group of fungi that contain the prodrug psilocybin, which turns into the psychedelic psilocin upon ingestion. The most potent species are members of the genus Psilocybe, such as P. azurescens, P. semilanceata, and P. cyanescens.
Magic mushrooms are naturally occurring psychedelic drugs that can affect all the senses, altering a person's thinking, sense of time, and emotions. They can cause hallucinations, where a person may see, hear, or feel things that do not exist or are distorted. The effects of magic mushrooms usually begin within 30 minutes when eaten, or within 5 to 10 minutes when taken as a soup or tea, and can last approximately four to six hours. The duration of the effects depends on the dosage, with sub-threshold or micro-doses ( < 2.5 mg) resulting in a less intense experience, and high or ego-dissolution doses (30 to 40 mg) leading to more pronounced effects.
The use of magic mushrooms rarely results in life-threatening symptoms, but consuming a large amount or a strong batch can lead to negative experiences, commonly known as a "'bad trip'". This may include heightened emotions, anxiety, fear, nausea, and muscle twitches, accompanied by increased heart rate and blood pressure. In some cases, a "bad trip" may lead to panic reactions and psychosis, particularly with a large dose.
It is important to note that magic mushrooms can affect everyone differently, and the effects are influenced by factors such as an individual's mood and the environment they are in. Regular users of magic mushrooms may also experience flashbacks, which are typically visual distortions involving changes in perception and emotions. These flashbacks can occur weeks, months, or even years after the last time the drug was taken and can be triggered by various factors, including stress, tiredness, or exercise.
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They are not physically addictive
Mushrooms, specifically those containing psilocybin, have been used for centuries in various cultural and religious traditions for their psychoactive properties. While they can induce a altered state of consciousness and a unique psychological experience, mushrooms are not physically addictive in the same way that substances like nicotine, alcohol, or hard drugs are. Here's why psilocybin mushrooms do not lead to physical addiction:
Psilocybin, the primary active compound in "magic mushrooms," works by temporarily altering brain chemistry, specifically by activating serotonin receptors. This interaction can lead to a range of psychological effects, including altered perception, hallucinations, and a distorted sense of time. However, unlike addictive substances, psilocybin does not cause the brain to release excessive amounts of dopamine, the neurotransmitter closely linked to the reward system and the development of addiction.
The lack of physical addiction is supported by scientific research and the subjective reports of those who use psilocybin mushrooms. While some individuals may develop a psychological dependence or a strong desire to repeat the mushroom experience, it is not driven by physical cravings or withdrawal symptoms typically associated with addictive substances. There are no harsh physical side effects when someone stops consuming mushrooms, which is a key indicator that they do not induce physical addiction.
Additionally, the context and setting in which mushrooms are consumed play a significant role in the overall experience. Unlike addictive substances that are often used compulsively and in isolation, mushrooms are typically taken intentionally and in controlled settings, sometimes even with therapeutic support, which further reduces the likelihood of developing an uncontrolled dependence.
It's important to note that while mushrooms may not be physically addictive, they can still have negative consequences if used irresponsibly or without proper preparation. "Bad trips" or challenging psychedelic experiences can occur, and for some individuals with underlying mental health issues, psilocybin may exacerbate symptoms or trigger psychotic episodes. As with any substance that alters consciousness, it's crucial to approach mushrooms with respect, knowledge, and a sense of responsibility.
In conclusion, psilocybin mushrooms are not physically addictive. The absence of dopamine flooding, the lack of physical withdrawal symptoms, and the intentional, controlled nature of mushroom use all contribute to their non-addictive status. However, this does not mean they are without risks, and responsible use and integration are key to a positive and beneficial experience with these unique psychoactive substances.
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They can be dangerous when mixed with other drugs
Magic mushrooms, or psilocybin, are not considered stimulants. They are classified as hallucinogens, which distort a person's perception of reality and can induce euphoria, hallucinations, and sensory distortion. However, mixing magic mushrooms with other drugs can be extremely dangerous.
The effects of combining drugs, or "poly drug use," are often unpredictable and can increase the risk of overdose or even death. Mixing drugs can also lead to unpredictable and potentially dangerous behavior, which may result in injuries. Additionally, dried magic mushrooms may contain other substances that can affect their safety profile.
The use of magic mushrooms may also cause flashbacks, where individuals experience visual distortions, changes in emotions, or perception distortions. These flashbacks can be triggered by using other drugs, stress, tiredness, or exercise, and they can occur weeks, months, or even years after the last time the drug was taken.
Furthermore, magic mushrooms can be mistaken for poisonous mushrooms, which can cause severe illness or even death. When consuming mushrooms, it is essential to be cautious and identify them correctly to avoid accidental poisoning.
While magic mushrooms are not considered physically addictive, regular use may lead to tolerance and cross-tolerance with other drugs, such as LSD and mescaline. Additionally, the risk of a ""bad trip"" increases with higher doses or feelings of anxiety before consumption. Therefore, it is crucial to be aware of the potential risks and take appropriate precautions when considering the use of magic mushrooms, especially in combination with other substances.
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They are being studied for their therapeutic potential
Mushrooms have a long history of use in traditional medicine practices, and modern scientific research is now exploring their potential therapeutic benefits. While not all mushrooms are stimulants in the strict sense of the word, some varieties do contain compounds that can have stimulating effects on the body and brain. Additionally, mushrooms are being studied for a range of potential health benefits, including their ability to boost the immune system, improve cognitive function, and even treat mental health disorders.
One area of interest is the potential for mushrooms to enhance cognitive function and protect brain health. Some species, such as lion's mane and cordyceps, have been shown in preliminary studies to improve focus, attention, and memory. These mushrooms contain compounds that can stimulate the growth of nerve cells and improve communication between them, suggesting potential benefits for conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. For example, hericenones and erinacines, compounds found in lion's mane mushrooms, have been found to stimulate the production of nerve growth factor (NGF), which plays a critical role in the growth and maintenance of neurons.
Mushrooms are also being investigated for their potential to support mental health. Some species, such as reishi and cordyceps, have been used traditionally for their calming and adaptogenic effects, and modern research is beginning to uncover the mechanisms behind these benefits. For example, cordycepin, a compound found in cordyceps mushrooms, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, which could contribute to improved mental health. Additionally, some mushrooms contain compounds that interact with serotonin receptors in the brain, suggesting potential benefits for mood and anxiety disorders.
The immune-boosting properties of mushrooms are another area of active investigation. Beta-glucans, a type of fiber found in the cell walls of mushrooms, have been shown to stimulate the immune system and enhance its response to foreign invaders. This has led to interest in using mushrooms as a potential adjunct therapy for cancer treatment, as well as for boosting overall immune function to prevent illness. For instance, lentinan, a beta-glucan found in shiitake mushrooms, has been studied for its ability to stimulate the immune system and has been approved as an adjuvant cancer therapy in Japan.
The potential therapeutic benefits of mushrooms are vast and continue to be explored. It's important to note that while mushrooms may provide stimulating effects, they are generally considered safe and non-addictive when consumed in moderate amounts. However, as with any dietary supplement, it's always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating mushroom supplements into your routine, especially if you have any pre-existing health conditions or are taking medication.
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They are not a stimulant
Magic mushrooms are not a stimulant. They are a hallucinogen or psychedelic drug, which means they alter a person's senses, thinking, sense of time, and emotions. They can cause hallucinations, where a person sees or hears things that are not real or are distorted.
Magic mushrooms contain psilocybin, which is converted by the body into psilocin. Psilocin is the chemical with psychoactive properties. It activates serotonin receptors in the brain, primarily the serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A (5HT2a) receptor. This changes the way the brain functions, leading to altered perceptions of reality.
The effects of magic mushrooms usually begin within 30 minutes when eaten, or within 5-10 minutes when taken as a tea or soup, and can last for approximately 4-6 hours. The effects can vary widely and may include euphoria, anxiety, panic, and disturbing hallucinations. Some people may experience flashbacks, or "re-experiencing," involving previous magic mushroom trips, which can be disturbing.
Unlike stimulants, magic mushrooms do not speed up the messages travelling between the brain and the body. They do not typically increase pulse and breathing rate, elevate blood pressure, suppress appetite, or dilate pupils. In fact, psilocybin has a low level of toxicity and a low risk of addiction, and there are no known physical withdrawal symptoms.
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Frequently asked questions
No, mushrooms are not a stimulant. Mushrooms, specifically psilocybin or magic mushrooms, are a hallucinogen or psychedelic drug. They are not to be confused with poisonous mushrooms, which can be dangerous and even deadly.
Magic mushrooms can cause hallucinations, distort perceptions of reality, and alter a person's thinking, sense of time, emotions, and personality. The effects can be positive, such as feelings of euphoria, or negative, such as anxiety, disturbing hallucinations, and flashbacks.
There is no safe level of drug use, and the use of any drug carries risks. Magic mushrooms are not considered physically addictive, and there are no known withdrawal effects. However, they can be dangerous, especially if consumed in large amounts or if mixed with other drugs. Accidental ingestion, especially by children, can be harmful and may require medical attention.
