Laura Smith
Drying mushrooms is a great way to preserve them for later use. The process is simple and can be done without any special equipment, although a dehydrator or an oven can be used to speed it up. When drying mushrooms, it is important to start with fresh, edible mushrooms and to clean them thoroughly before slicing. The drying process itself can be done in an oven, dehydrator, or by air-drying, and typically takes between 4 and 24 hours, depending on the method and humidity levels. Once dried, mushrooms should be stored in airtight containers and can be kept for up to two years.
Characteristics of drying mushrooms outside
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Cleaning | Wipe with a damp paper towel, mushroom brush or clean with a brush |
| Rinsing | Quick rinse under cold running water |
| Discarding | Remove tough, woody stalks |
| Slicing | Slice stalks 1/4" thick; leave small mushrooms whole and unpeeled |
| Soaking | Dip in a solution of 1 teaspoon (4 grams) citric acid and 1 quart water for 3-5 minutes |
| Draining | Drain well |
| Arranging | Place in a single layer on drying trays or drying screens |
| Oven temperature | 140°F (60°C) or 170°F |
| Dehydrator temperature | 55°C |
| Drying time | 8-10 hours in a dehydrator; 2-3 hours in the oven; 12-24 hours for thicker slices |
| Conditioning | Place dried mushrooms loosely in large containers; store in a dry, well-ventilated place for 4-10 days |
| Stirring/shaking | Stir or shake containers daily to separate pieces |
| Storage | Store in moisture-proof containers or bags; store in a cool, dry, dark place or in the refrigerator |
| Shelf life | 6-12 months |
| Alternative methods | Air-dry in a colander; partially dehydrate in the oven and finish air-drying on a windowsill |
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What You'll Learn
Clean mushrooms with a brush or damp cloth
To dry mushrooms outside, you must first ensure they are cleaned thoroughly. This can be done with a brush or a damp cloth. If using a damp cloth, it is important to only lightly dampen the cloth, and not to wash the mushrooms under running water. You should also ensure that you are using fresh mushrooms, as this method will not work with mushrooms past their prime.
Brushes designed specifically for cleaning mushrooms are available to purchase. However, a regular brush can also be used to brush off any dirt from the mushrooms. If you do not have a brush, a damp paper towel can be used to wipe down the mushrooms. This method can be followed by a quick rinse under cold running water.
Once cleaned, the mushrooms can be sliced into small, uniform pieces. An egg slicer can be used to help with this process. The mushrooms should be around 1/4-inch thick. If you are using a dehydrator, you can place the sliced mushrooms directly onto the trays. If you are air-drying the mushrooms, place them in a container that allows air to circulate around them, such as a mesh colander, or a baking rack set on top of a baking sheet.
It is important not to overcrowd the mushrooms when placing them in the container. They should be arranged in a single layer, with good airflow underneath them. Once prepared, the mushrooms can be left outside to dry in the sun, preferably in a well-ventilated area.
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Cut into 1/4-inch slices
Drying mushrooms outdoors is a simple process that requires just a few basic tools and materials. While there are various methods for drying mushrooms, such as using a dehydrator, oven, or air-drying, drying them outside in the sun is a great option when the weather conditions are favourable. Here are the steps to successfully dry mushrooms outside, focusing on the key instruction to cut them into 1/4-inch slices:
Prepare the Mushrooms: Start by cleaning the mushrooms gently with a damp cloth or soft brush to remove any visible dirt or debris. It is generally not recommended to wash mushrooms directly under running water as they absorb moisture readily. However, if they are particularly dirty, a brief rinse followed by thorough drying is acceptable. Once cleaned, cut the mushrooms into uniform slices about 1/4 inch thick. This thickness allows for efficient drying, ensuring that the mushrooms dry thoroughly before any spoilage can occur.
Sun-Drying Process: Choose a sunny day with low humidity for the best results. Place the mushroom slices on drying racks or trays. You can use purpose-made drying trays or simply use baking trays lined with parchment paper or a similar non-stick material. Make sure the mushrooms are spread out in a single layer with some space between each slice to allow adequate airflow. Cover the trays with a layer of cheesecloth or fine mesh netting to protect the mushrooms from insects and debris while still allowing air circulation and sunlight exposure. Place the trays in a sunny spot, preferably in direct sunlight, and leave them to dry.
Stir and Monitor: Depending on the temperature and humidity, the drying process can take several hours to a few days. It is important to monitor the mushrooms regularly and stir them occasionally to promote even drying. On particularly hot days, bring the trays inside at the hottest part of the day to prevent the mushrooms from cooking or scorching in the intense sun. If rain is forecast, bring the trays inside to avoid moisture absorption. The mushrooms are adequately dried when they become brittle and snap easily.
Storage: Once the mushrooms are completely dry, transfer them to airtight containers for storage. Glass jars or airtight bags are suitable options. Proper storage ensures that the mushrooms retain their flavour and texture and protects them from moisture reabsorption. Store the dried mushrooms in a cool, dark place, such as a pantry or cupboard. Properly dried and stored mushrooms can last for several months, providing you with a tasty and nutritious ingredient to add to various dishes.
Cutting the mushrooms into 1/4-inch slices is a crucial step in the drying process. This thickness ensures that the mushrooms dry thoroughly and evenly. Thicker slices may take longer to dry and could potentially develop mould or spoilage before drying completely. Additionally, thicker slices may be more challenging to rehydrate and use in recipes later on. On the other hand, slicing them too thinly can lead to over-drying or brittleness, causing the mushrooms to crumble easily. Therefore, maintaining a consistent 1/4-inch thickness is essential for achieving the best results when drying mushrooms outdoors.
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Use a dehydrator or oven
First, ensure that your mushrooms are edible and fresh. Clean the mushrooms by wiping them with a damp paper towel or a mushroom brush, followed by a quick rinse under cold running water. Remove the tough, woody stalks and slice the tender stalks into ¼” thick pieces. Leave small mushrooms whole and unpeeled, and peel and slice the larger mushrooms.
Next, you can dip the mushrooms in a solution of 1 teaspoon (4 grams) of citric acid and 1 quart of water for 3-5 minutes. Drain the mushrooms well.
Arrange the mushrooms in a single layer on drying trays, ensuring good airflow. If you are using an oven, place the drying trays inside and set the temperature to 140°F (60°C) or 170°F, depending on your oven's capabilities. Remember to prop open the oven door slightly with a wooden spoon to allow moisture to escape.
If using a dehydrator, set the temperature to 125°F (51°C). For both methods, the drying time will be around 8-10 hours, but this may vary depending on the humidity and the size of your mushrooms. Remember to turn large pieces over every 3 to 4 hours for even drying, and keep a close eye towards the end of the cycle, as vegetables can scorch easily.
Your mushrooms are ready when they are dry and leathery. Allow them to cool to room temperature, then store them in airtight containers. You can also vacuum seal your mushrooms in vacuum seal bags, mylar bags, or mason jars to extend their shelf life. Store them in a cool, dry, and dark place, and they will last for up to a year or even longer.
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Dry at 125-170°F for 4-24 hours
Drying mushrooms outdoors is a great way to preserve them for later use. To dry mushrooms outside, you can follow these steps:
First, ensure you are using fresh mushrooms. Wipe them clean with a damp paper towel, a mushroom brush, or a lightly dampened towel. Do not wash the mushrooms under running water. Remove any tough, woody stalks and discard them. Slice the stalks that are tender into 1/4-inch thick pieces. For large mushrooms, peel and slice them, while small mushrooms can be left whole and unpeeled.
Next, you can partially dry the mushrooms in an oven. Preheat your oven to between 125-170°F, using the convection function if available. Place the mushrooms on drying screens or trays in a single layer, ensuring good air circulation. Prop open the oven door slightly with a wooden spoon to allow moisture to vent. Check the mushrooms periodically, and if necessary, turn large pieces over every 3 to 4 hours. The drying time will depend on the humidity levels and the size of your mushrooms, but it can take anywhere from 4 to 24 hours or more for them to reach the desired dryness.
You'll know the mushrooms are ready when they are dry and leathery but not scorched. To test if they are done, allow them to cool down, and then snap a piece in half. It should break with a clear, crisp snap, similar to a potato chip. If it bends, it needs more drying time.
Once the mushrooms are fully dehydrated, let them cool to room temperature. Then, place them in airtight containers, jars, or bags. You can also vacuum seal them or use oxygen absorbers to extend their shelf life. Properly stored dried mushrooms can last for up to a year or even longer if kept in a cool, dry, and dark place.
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Store in airtight containers
Once your mushrooms are completely dry, it's time to store them in airtight containers. This is a crucial step in preserving their freshness and preventing moisture buildup. Here are some detailed instructions for storing your dried mushrooms:
Choosing the Right Container
Select a moisture-proof container to store your dried mushrooms. Glass or plastic containers with tight-fitting lids, or plastic freezer bags, are all suitable options. Airtight jars are recommended over plastic containers as they provide a better seal. You can also use vacuum seal bags, mylar bags, or mason jars for an even more secure seal. If using a jar, ensure it is a clean, dry home canning jar.
Preparing the Mushrooms for Storage
Before placing the mushrooms in the container, ensure they are completely dry and cool to the touch. They should feel like light rocks and not give at all when squeezed. If you've used an oven or dehydrator, allow the mushrooms to cool down and dry for a while after turning off the appliance. This extra step ensures that any residual moisture is removed.
Filling the Container
Place the cooled, dried mushrooms loosely in the container, filling it about two-thirds full. Avoid overcrowding the container, as proper airflow is essential to prevent moisture buildup. If using a jar, you may also add a small silica packet for the first week to absorb any residual moisture.
Storing the Container
Seal the container tightly and store it in a cool, dry, and dark place, such as a pantry or cupboard. You can also store the container in the refrigerator or freezer for extended freshness. Properly stored, dried mushrooms can last for up to two years, although they are typically good for 6 to 12 months. Always inspect the mushrooms before use, and discard them if you notice any off odors or signs of mold.
Labeling the Container
It is a good practice to label your container with the name of the product, the date of storage, and the drying method used. This helps you keep track of the age of your dried mushrooms and ensures you consume them within their recommended shelf life.
By following these steps and storing your dried mushrooms in airtight containers, you can enjoy their flavor and nutritional benefits for many months.
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Frequently asked questions
You can air dry mushrooms by placing them in an open container with good airflow (a mesh colander works well) and leaving them out to dry for about a week. Place them in a well-ventilated area, preferably in the sun.
The ideal temperature for drying mushrooms in an oven or dehydrator is around 125-170°F (51-76°C). If you are air-drying mushrooms, the temperature of the environment will determine how long they take to dry.
Mushrooms dried in a dehydrator or oven will take 8-24 hours to dry, depending on the size of the mushrooms and the temperature used. Air-dried mushrooms will take 7-10 days to dry.
Store dried mushrooms in airtight containers or bags in a cool, dry, dark place or in the refrigerator or freezer. They will last for 6-24 months when stored correctly.
