Michael Davis
There are many purported health benefits of mushrooms, and they have been used for centuries in traditional medicine. Today, they are available in various forms, such as capsules, powders, teas, gummies, liquid extracts, and even coffee alternatives. While there is some evidence to support the health benefits of mushrooms, such as their positive impact on the immune system and potential anticancer properties, it is important to exercise caution when consuming mushroom products. The market is largely unregulated, and side effects can include allergic reactions, digestive issues, and interactions with certain medications.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Forms | Pills, powders, teas, gummies, liquid extracts, coffee alternatives |
| Uses | Remedies for seasonal allergies, insomnia, cancer, colds, inflammation, anxiety, and more |
| Benefits | Anti-aging, improved cognition, better daily living skills, improved immunity, improved focus, improved mood, improved physical stamina |
| Risks | May not be well tolerated by individuals with a mushroom allergy, may interact with medications for diabetes, high blood pressure, and blood clotting, may increase the risk of bleeding |
| Nutritional Information | Low in calories, rich in protein and fiber, good source of B vitamins, minerals such as potassium, copper, selenium, and antioxidants |
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What You'll Learn
Lion's mane mushroom extract
While there is no evidence that mushroom extracts will get you high, there are several purported health benefits of consuming lion's mane mushroom extract.
Lion's mane mushrooms are big, white mushrooms that resemble a lion's mane, as their name suggests. They are extensively used in Asian countries such as Korea, Japan, India, and China, and can be eaten raw, dried, or cooked. They are also available as supplements in the form of powders, liquids, capsules, and even cookies.
- Improved cognition and brain health: A 49-week study found that participants with mild Alzheimer's disease who took lion's mane mushroom extract capsules showed improved cognition and better daily living skills than those on a placebo. Another study on Japanese women reported lower levels of depressive symptoms and stress compared to a placebo group. Researchers believe this is due to the stimulation of nerve growth factor (NGF), which regulates the growth and survival of brain cells.
- Improved heart health: Studies on rats and mice have found that lion's mane extract improves fat metabolism and lowers triglyceride levels, which are risk factors for heart disease. Additionally, lion's mane extract can help prevent the oxidation of cholesterol in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of heart attack and stroke.
- Blood sugar management: Lion's mane extract has been found to lower blood sugar levels in both normal and diabetic mice. It does this by blocking the activity of the enzyme alpha-glucosidase, which breaks down carbs in the small intestine, resulting in lower blood sugar absorption.
- Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties: Lion's mane mushrooms contain powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds. These properties may help fight inflammation and oxidation in the body, reducing the impact of illnesses such as heart disease, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.
- Immune system boost: Lion's mane mushroom extract has been found to enhance the intestinal immune system in animal studies, protecting the body from pathogens that enter through the mouth or nose.
- Potential skin benefits: Early research suggests that lion's mane extract may support wound healing and skin regeneration when applied topically.
It is important to note that the market for mushroom supplements is largely unregulated, and consumers should exercise caution when purchasing such products. While lion's mane mushroom extract has shown promising results in various studies, more extensive human research is needed to fully understand its effects and any potential side effects.
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Reishi mushroom extract
Reishi mushrooms, also known as Ganoderma lucidum or lingzhi, are a fungus that grows in various hot and humid locations in Asia. They have been used medicinally for hundreds of years, primarily in Asian countries, to treat infections. More recently, they have been used to treat pulmonary diseases and cancer.
Reishi mushrooms are available in supplement form as a dried mushroom extract, typically in doses of 1400-5400 mg per day, although there is no agreed-upon dosage. The recommended dose varies between 1.5 to 9 g per day. The extract is possibly safe when used for up to one year, although there is some uncertainty about its safety. It may cause digestive side effects and potentially be unsafe for certain people, including those taking certain medications, such as anticoagulants or immunosuppressants. It may also interact with high blood pressure medications and increase the risk of bleeding in some people with bleeding disorders or if used before or during surgery.
There is some scientific evidence of the effectiveness of reishi mushrooms, including lab research and small human studies. One study found that the polysaccharides in reishi mushrooms may help decrease fatigue after exercising. Another study in people with cancer found that reishi mushroom products helped reduce fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Reishi mushrooms have also been shown to decrease blood sugar and triglyceride levels and increase HDL "good" cholesterol, although one study found that it did not lower cholesterol levels in people with diabetes or high cholesterol.
In summary, reishi mushroom extract may offer potential health benefits, but it is important to speak with a healthcare professional before taking it to ensure safe and appropriate use.
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Chaga mushroom extract
Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) is a type of fungus that grows on birch trees in cold climates, including Northern Europe, Siberia, Russia, Korea, Northern Canada, Alaska, and the northeastern United States. Chaga mushrooms have been used for centuries in traditional medicine in some of these regions, particularly in Siberia and other parts of Asia.
While the potential benefits of chaga mushroom extract are promising, it is important to note that human studies are still needed to confirm these effects. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration does not regulate supplements in the same way as foods, and there are currently no set dosage recommendations for chaga mushroom extract. Therefore, it is advisable to follow the dosage guidelines on the product and consult a healthcare provider if you have any concerns or are taking medications that may interact with the supplement.
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Oyster mushroom extract
Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are a group of gilled mushrooms that contain powerful plant compounds and offer a range of health benefits. They are edible and can be incorporated into a variety of dishes. They are also available in supplement form as pills, powders, teas, and liquid extracts.
Oyster mushrooms have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. A 2020 rat study found that oral treatment with P. ostreatus extract significantly reduced induced paw inflammation. Oyster mushrooms may also have gut health-promoting properties and potential anti-tumor effects, although more research is needed to confirm these benefits.
Oyster mushrooms are a good source of antioxidants and may help protect against cellular damage. A 2016 test-tube study found that extract from gray oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus pulmonarius) inhibited oxidative damage to human artery cells and prevented the oxidation of LDL (bad) cholesterol. Oyster mushrooms may promote heart health by reducing risk factors such as high cholesterol and high blood pressure. Clinical trials have shown beneficial effects of P. ostreatus intake on glucose metabolism and lipids, with a decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as a reduction in blood pressure.
In addition to their potential health benefits, oyster mushrooms are also prized for their culinary uses. All parts of the oyster mushroom are edible, including the caps, gills, and stems. They can be added to soups, stews, pasta, and grain dishes. They can be sautéed with olive oil and garlic, grilled on skewers, or chopped and added to sauces, gravies, and egg dishes.
While oyster mushroom extract offers a range of potential health and culinary benefits, it is important to note that it is not likely to induce a "high" feeling. The concept of a mushroom extract providing a psychoactive effect typically refers to psilocybin mushrooms, which contain the psychoactive compounds psilocybin and psilocin. These compounds can alter perception, mood, and cognitive processes and are often sought for their hallucinogenic effects. However, oyster mushrooms do not naturally contain psilocybin or psilocin, and therefore consuming oyster mushroom extract will not result in a "high" sensation.
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Shiitake mushroom extract
Mushrooms are a fungus that are commonly added to meals. The average American consumes approximately three pounds of mushrooms per year.
Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes) are an edible fungus native to Japan and China. They are the second most commonly consumed mushrooms in the world. Shiitake mushrooms contain a chemical called lentinan, which may stimulate the immune system.
While shiitake mushrooms are generally safe when cooked and eaten in food amounts, they can cause adverse effects when consumed in larger amounts or when eaten raw. Possible side effects of consuming excessive amounts of uncooked shiitake mushrooms include stomach discomfort, blood abnormalities, skin swelling, increased sun sensitivity, allergic skin reactions, and breathing problems.
There is interest in using shiitake mushroom extract for various purposes, including HIV/AIDS, the common cold, and flu, but there is currently insufficient scientific evidence to support these uses.
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Frequently asked questions
Medicinal mushrooms have been used for hundreds of years, mainly in Asian countries, for the treatment of infections. They have also been used to treat pulmonary diseases and cancer. Some common benefits of mushroom extract include improved cognition, better daily living skills, improved sleep, reduced stress, and enhanced memory.
While mushroom supplements are not known to cause side effects in healthy adults, they may not be well tolerated by those with a mushroom allergy. Taking more than the recommended amount may lead to stomach discomfort, nausea, and dizziness.
Some common types of mushroom extracts include lion's mane, reishi, chaga, and cordyceps.
Mushroom supplements come in a variety of forms such as capsules, pills, powders, teas, gummies, liquid extracts, and coffee alternatives.
Yes, it is important to be cautious when taking mushroom extracts. For example, reishi mushrooms may cause an allergic reaction and interact with blood pressure medications. Chaga mushrooms are high in oxalates and are known to affect and increase kidney stones. It is always recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any mushroom supplements.
